Planetary Boundaries Framework Key Takeaways

• Planetary boundaries are scientifically defined limits that identify how much pressure Earth's systems can handle before becoming unstable.
   
• The Holocene provided a stable environment that allowed civilizations to thrive; the Anthropocene represents a new era of human-driven change.
   
• Earth functions as a complex system where climate, water, ecosystems, and geology are all linked.
   
• Solving environmental challenges requires systems thinking and an understanding of global interdependence.